Assessing adult ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) is a comprehensive process with several steps. A psychologist typically uses the following methods.
1. Clinical interview
Detailed history. A thorough interview gathers information about your developmental, medical, psychiatric, educational and social history, including questions about childhood behaviour, since ADHD often begins in childhood.
Current symptoms. The psychologist assesses current ADHD symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. These must be present in more than one setting (for example work and home) and cause significant impairment.
Impact on life. Understanding how the symptoms affect daily life, work, relationships and other areas is crucial.
2. Behavioural assessment
Standardised questionnaires. ADHD-specific rating scales such as the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) or the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) help quantify the severity of symptoms.
Collateral information. Input from family members, partners or colleagues gives an outside perspective on your behaviour.
3. Cognitive and psychological testing
Neuropsychological tests. These evaluate cognitive functions such as attention, memory, executive function and processing speed. Examples include the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and the Stroop Test.
Differential diagnosis. The psychologist also considers and rules out other conditions that can mimic ADHD symptoms, such as anxiety disorders, depression or learning disabilities.
4. Review of documentation
Academic and work records. Past report cards, work evaluations and similar documents give insight into lifelong patterns of behaviour and functioning.
Medical records. These may be reviewed to rule out medical conditions that could contribute to the symptoms.
5. Diagnostic criteria
The psychologist uses the criteria in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition) to diagnose ADHD. This includes ensuring that the symptoms are not better explained by another mental disorder and have persisted for at least six months.
6. Feedback and recommendations
Feedback session. After the assessment, the psychologist discusses the diagnosis (if any) and what it means.
Treatment plan. If ADHD is diagnosed, the psychologist may recommend cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), coaching or, if necessary, referral to a psychiatrist for medication.
This multi-step process helps ensure the diagnosis is accurate and that you receive the right treatment and support. See adult ADHD assessment and treatment in my practice.